The Treaty of Wuchale (ውጫሌ in Amharic, Uccialli in Italian) was an agreement between the Ethiopian Empire and Italy signed in the city of the same name, in northern Ethiopia, on May 2, 1889. However, what seemed to be a simple treaty aimed at promoting trade between the two nations concealed the Italian intention of imposing a protectorate over Ethiopia. Once the Ethiopians discovered the ruse, the resulting unrest eventually led to the First Italo-Ethiopian War (1895–1896), which ended with the Italian defeat at the Battle of Adwa.

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